A CASE- CONTROL STUDY ON PROSTATE CANCER INRURAL POPULATION OF PAKISTAN

Muhammad Naeem Bashir; Muhammad Akram Malik; Muhammad Riaz Ahmad

Muhammad Naeem Bashir Assistant Professor of Statistics, Government Municipal College, Faisalabad
Muhammad Akram Malik Professor of Urology, University Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad
Muhammad Riaz Ahmad Assistant Professor of Statistics, Govt. College, Jaranwala (Faisalabad)

Keywords: Prostate cancer, Risk factors, Family history, Age, Smoking, Obesity, Rural Population, Pakistan

Abstract

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: As in many countries of the world, Prostate cancer is extremely common in Pakistan. It is the third most common malignancy among males in Pakistan. A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted in rural area of Faisalabad (Pakistan) to examine the probable risk factors of prostate cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was based on 102 prostate cancer cases and 204 normal controls. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% conﬁdence intervals to evaluate the relationship between prostate cancer and different risk factors.
RESULTS: Age, family history of prostate cancer and obesity signiﬁcantly increased the prostate cancer risk having odds ratios and 95% conﬁdence interval (13.56; 5.20-35.35), (4.70;1.6513.40) and (4.26; 2.25- 8.10) respectively. On the other hand, better lifestyle (physical activity) and literacy signiﬁcantly decreased the prostate cancer risk having odd ratiosand corresponding 95% conﬁdence intervals (0.16; 0.08- 0.30)and (0.32; 0.15- 0.65) respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: In the present study age, family history of prostate cancer, obesity, literacy and better lifestyle emerged as risk factors for prostate cancer in rural population of Faisalabad