Journal of University Medical & Dental College

Data-Driven Medicine: The Promise and Potential of Clinical Decision Support Systems

2024-03-07T06:29:41+00:00

The Challenges of low-birth-weight newborn management in resource limited country

2024-03-18T05:43:20+00:00

Knowledge and attitude about covid-19 Vaccination in pregnant women at Baqai Medical University

2024-03-09T05:42:12+00:00

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women about Covid 19 vaccination.

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 1st May 2022 to 30^th November 2022 at OPD of Gynecology &Obstetric, Fatima Hospital, Baqai Medical University. This survey included women age 18-40 years seeking antenatal care through OPD and all pregnant women who were coming in emergency in active labour were excluded. A Pre-validated questionnaire was used in this study. Data was entered and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Categorical variables were described using frequencies and percentages. Cross tabulation was done by using Chi-square test to assess the association between the respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and their willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result: Frequency of participants response to knowledge questions’56% had history of Covid 19 infection prior to pregnancy and conception.62% were vaccinated with vaccine other than Covid vaccine.65.8% did not receive Covid vaccine and upon asking if they are willing to receive ,only 27% answered positively.

Conclusion: The study found that more than half of pregnant women were unable to receive Covid 19 vaccination more likely due to lack of awareness regarding the safety of vaccination during pregnancy.

Assessment of Physical activities among University Students during Covid-19 Pandemic

2024-03-12T05:20:31+00:00

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the physical activity of people including university students. This study aimed to assess the physical activity of university students of Hyderabad and its adjoining areas during the peak time of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted during the peak period of COVID-19 among 232 university students belonging to the University of Sindh who came from Hyderabad and its adjoining areas. The samples were collected via a simple random sampling method. The physical activity of male and female university students was compared and calculated by using SPSS software version 21 and MS Office 365. The significance level among groups was determined by applying a Chi-square test whereas the pre and post-responses were calculated by applying McNemar’s test. The P-Value of < 0.05 was set as statistically significant.

RESULTS: About 68.96% of females and 51.72% of male university students did not go for walking whereas 91.38% of females and 65.52% of males did not even prefer jogging activity. The results from McNemar’s Test Statistics about pre- and post-COVID-19 physical activity suggested that the walkers and non-walkers’ group had a significant change (x2=60.016, p<0.001), and the jogging and non-jogging group had also a significant difference (x2=113.009, p<0.001). The weight of university students before and after COVID-19 was significantly different (x2=30.414, p<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The university students performed less than usual physical activity and mostly preferred a sedentary lifestyle during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic

Comparison of the efficacy of 75 mg aspirin versus 150 mg aspirin for prevention of preeclampsia in patients at high risk for preeclampsia

2024-04-03T04:07:54+00:00

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia is a significant contributor to maternal health challenges. Emphasizing prevention over cure is a guiding principle in healthcare. As a reliable measure to forestall hypertension and its associated complications during pregnancy, aspirin is widely embraced. The early identification of risk factors plays a crucial role in the primary prevention of preeclampsia. Post-risk stratification, aspirin emerges as a pivotal player in the preventive strategy for individuals identified as high-risk for pre-eclampsia. To assess the effectiveness of 75 mg aspirin against 150 mg aspirin in preventing preeclampsia among individuals identified as having a high risk for the condition.

METHODOLOGY: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Services Hospital, Lahore, from 27-12-2019 to 27-6-2020.240 patients were enrolled in the study, which was later divided into two groups. Group A received treatment with 75 mg aspirin, while Group B was administered 150 mg aspirin. Efficacy was determined based on whether blood pressure levels were below 140/90 mmHg, and proteinuria was rated as <+1 using the dipstick method.

RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 28.54±6.83 years, and the mean gestational age of the patients was 15.30±1.69 weeks. In the 75 mg group, the efficacy was achieved in 94(78.3%) patients, whereas in the 150 mg group, the efficacy was achieved in 108(90.0%) patients (p-value=0.013).

CONCLUSION: This study concludes that the efficacy of 150 mg aspirin significantly surpasses that of 75 mg aspirin in preventing preeclampsia among high-risk pregnant patients.

The “Evaluation of compliance to “Discharge Instruction” among Post Myocardial Infarction Patients at Teaching Hospital Hyderabad, Pakistan”

2024-03-18T03:49:16+00:00

Background: A Discharge instruction is one of an important factor affecting on Post Myocardial Infarction (MI) patient.

Objective: The study was evaluated the compliance to discharge instructions, and its impact upon life style changes among patients of post myocardial infarction.

Methodology: A total 180 participants in this cross-sectional descriptive study and this study was conducted at Cardiology Outpatient Department (OPD) Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. The study time was 6 months from June 2021 to November 2021. Data was collected from OPD patients having had their first attack of myocardial infarction after being discharge from the hospital. Data was collected by self-structured questionnaire and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and results presented as frequency and percentage.

Results: This study was found that majority of patients are primary or secondary level educated and they have knowledge about health status. In contrast, patients were not completely finished smoking and alcohol consumption. Patients have known smoking and alcohol both dangerous for health. In addition, majority of patients have not checked BMI and they have not gone for walk regularly. Exercise and Body Mass Index (BMI) both elements plays important role in Post MI patients because it can control and manage the development of atherosclerosis.

Conclusion: We find that discharge education play very important role for cardiac patients. So, organized and structured discharge education can impact on cardiac patients as well as minimize recurrent attack, hospitalization, hospital readmission and revisits.

Key words: Cardiovascular Diseases, Myocardial Infarction, Discharge Education

Assessment of pre and post Neonatal Resuscitation program (NRP) training in a neonatal intensive care unit of Pakistan

2024-04-04T04:47:34+00:00

ABSTRACT

Background & Objective: Approximately 300,000 newborns arrive daily, but 5-10% require resuscitation, and 1-10% need ventilation. Globally, 4 million infants die within four weeks due to inadequate healthcare resources and training. Neonatal Resuscitation Programs (NRP) aim to reduce infant mortality by training healthcare professionals in essential skills for newborn resuscitation.

Methodology: In this comparative descriptive study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) training conducted at the Neonatal Unit of CMH Hospital in Rawalpindi on December 20, 2022. We selected a cohort of 111 participants, including healthcare professionals like physicians, specialists, nurses, and others, regardless of age or gender, through non-probability purposive sampling. The training spanned eight hours, equipping participants with vital skills and Knowledge in neonatal resuscitation. We administered pre-training and post-training questionnaires to gauge their proficiency and comprehension of neonatal resuscitation protocols. Responses were collected, documented, and statistically analyzed using SPSS v-26.

Results: The study population demonstrated a mean pre-training score of 61.72±19.65%, significantly increasing to 85.8±10.9% after completing the NRP training (p<0.0001). These results indicate the remarkable success of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program in enhancing the Knowledge and skills of healthcare professionals engaged in neonatal care, thereby contributing to improved patient outcomes.

Conclusion: The Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) proved highly impactful in refining the aptitudes and proficiency of healthcare professionals involved in neonatal care. These findings highlight the importance of such training programs in reducing neonatal mortality rates and enhancing the quality of care provided to newborns.

The Effectiveness of Quality and Safety Education for nurses competencies intervention to improve knoweldege ,skills and attitude of the undergraduate faculty at nursing institues: A systematic Review and Meta analysis.

2024-03-04T22:33:25+00:00

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Nursing education about quality and safety are a critical component of our healthcare system, and quality and safety education for nurses.QSEN competencies-based interventions have emerged as a promising approach to improveknowledge, skills, and attitudes of quality and safety. There is a need for more data to prove the effectiveness of these interventions in enhancing undergraduate nursing faculty's competencies. The main goal of this study was to find out how well Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)-based interventions improve the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of nursing faculty at the undergraduate level.

METHODOLOGY: The researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies that compared QSEN-based interventions with standard education or no intervention at all. The search included both published and unpublished sources from 2005 to 2022 and covered nurses, nursing students, and nursing faculty.

RESULTS : Out of 6385 records, only 06 were suitable for inclusion, involving 1374 individuals. However, the results were significant. The meta-analysis showed that QSEN interventions made a big difference in the knowledge, skills, attitude, motivation, and trust of the people who took part, with a total estimate of 1.54 (0.16–2.92). The meta-analysis of variance for trial heterogeneity found a statistically significant difference, and the researchers found no evidence of publication bias.

CONCLUSION: QSEN-based interventions are effective in improving the knowledge, skills, attitudes, motivation, and trust in the safety of nurses, nursing students and nursing faculty.